10 Things You Need To Know About Indian Spices And Curry!Indian curry is over 5,000 years old and the term 'curry' whichis an English word is derived from the South Indian Tamil word'kaikaari' or its shortened version 'kari'meaning vegetablescooked in spices.Basically curry is a gravy dish or a stew...
Cowboy Themed Parties Ring in Fall with a Yee-haw(ARA) - Barbecues are not just for summer anymore, but the rich flavors can be enjoyed year-round and even in-doors. As kids head back to school this fall, a great way to celebrate is with a Cowboy themed BBQ.
“Kids of all ages have an...
Easiest Barbecue Sauce 3 tb Catsup 3 tb Brown sugar 2 tb Vinegar 1 ts Salt 1 ts Lemon juice 1 ts Dry mustard 2 tb Worcestershire sauce 1 ts Chili powder 4 tb Water 1 ts Paprika 2 tb Cooking oil 1/2 ts Red pepper Combine all ingredients in a quart jar; shake well and...
Everything You Want to Know About the Different Salmon Species King Salmon, Sockeye, Silver, Pink, Chum, and Atlantic
Descriptions of the Salmon Species
by Garry Gamber
Did you know that there are five species of Pacific salmon and one species of Atlantic salmon? Further, did...
Vegetarian CuisineRabbit food. That's what my dad calls vegetarian cooking and cuisine. Salads and vegetables - can't be anything more to it, can there? Oh, but there is. Vegetarian cooking is at least as varied as 'regular' cooking - and in some cases, far more...
Bacteria and Food-borne Diseases
Types of Bacteria
Bacteria are all around us, in the air, water, ground, on our skin and in our bodies. They are classified in a variety of ways, but for our purpose we can categorize them in a more basic way.
Harmless bacteria – Most bacteria fall into this category. They are neither help us nor are harmful to us. These bacteria have a specific purpose, but are not a concerning to us in terms of food safety,
Beneficial bacteria – Believe it or not some bacteria are helpful to us. Some bacteria are used in foods to make cheeses and yogurts. And still others live in our bodies to fight of harmful bacteria.
Undesirable bacteria – Undesirable bacteria is responsible for food spoilage. This type of bacteria may not make you sick, but they show themselves by the use of odors, sticky or slimy surfaces and discoloration.
Illness causing bacteria or pathogens – These are the bacteria that cause most food-borne illnesses. Pathogens do not necessarily leave detectable odors or taste in food. This makes it impossible to tell if food is contaminated by smelling or tasting, or looking at it. The only way to protect yourself from this bacteria is by proper food handling and sanitation.
Bacteria Growth
Bacteria simply multiply by splitting in half. Under the ideal conditions, they can double in number every 15 to 30 minutes. This means that one single bacterium could multiply to a million in less than 6 hours.
What do bacteria need to multiply?
Food – Some from of food is a basic requirement for bacteria to grow.
Moisture – Water is required for bacteria in order to absorb food. Dry foods will not support bacterial growth. As well, foods with very high salt or sugar content make bacteria unable to use the moisture present.
Temperature –
Bacteria grow best at warm temperatures between 40 and 140°F. This temperature range is what we call the food danger zone.
Air – Most bacteria require oxygen to grow, but not all. There are some exceptions, one type of bacteria being botulism.
Time – When bacteria are introduced to a new environment, they need time to adjust before they start to grow. This time is called the lag phase and last about one hour.
How is bacteria transferred?
Bacteria are carried from one place to another by being carried. This can happened by peoples hands, coughs, other food, utensils, equipment, water, or pests.
Preventing Bacteria Growth
Now that we know how bacteria grow and are spread; we should be able to prevent food-borne illness by following three simple steps.
1. Keep bacteria from spreading by not letting anything that might contain bacteria tough the food. This includes people, dirty equipment, utensils and possibly other foods.
2. Stop bacteria from growing by taking away the conditions that encourage growth. The most effective way is to keep food out of the danger zone. Keep foods below 40°F and about 140°F
3. Finally kill the bacteria. Most bacteria are killed if they are subject to a temperature above 165°F for 30 seconds. This is how we make food safe by cooking. This heat is also how we sanitize dishes and equipment. Certain chemicals (such as bleach) also kill bacteria. Using sanitizing agents is best way to sanitize counter tops and large equipment.
Chef Richard has worked in some of the finest restaurants in Washington State and is the author of the ebook “Chef’s Special”. You can find free recipes, informative articles and order the ebook at http://www.csrecipes.com
